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This directory includes elementary, middle, and high schools that teach all or part
of their curriculum through a second language. Such programs are usually referred
to as total or partial immersion programs. In general, the programs are designed
for students whose native language is English.
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It should be noted that this directory also includes a few Spanish-English two-way
immersion programs, in which classes include both native English and native Spanish
speakers. These two-way programs typically began as partial or total immersion programs
and are thus included here for historical reasons. For a national directory of two-way
programs, and to submit information about a two-way program, please see CAL’s Directory of Two-Way Bilingual Programs
in the United States.
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The following definitions are used in this directory:
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Total Immersion – Programs in which all or almost all subjects
taught in the lower grades (K-2) are taught in the foreign language; instruction
in English usually increases in the upper grades (3-6) to 20%-50%, depending on
the program.
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Partial Immersion – Programs in which up to 50% of subjects are
taught in the foreign language; in some programs, the material taught in the foreign
language is reinforced in English.
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Two-Way Immersion – Programs that give equal emphasis to English
and a non-English language and in which one to two thirds of the students are native
speakers of the non-English language, with the remainder being native speakers of
English.
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Note: The language profession is continually reviewing program definitions, and
has noted that some schools have started using different terminology for their immersion
programs. For schools that offer immersion programs but do not use the terms “total
immersion” or “partial immersion,” we request that they list “other” as their Immersion
Type, and then specify the terminology and definition in the Notes Field.
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First compiled by CAL in 1981, this directory was updated and enhanced in 2011 by
the team of Jeff Garretson, Lupe Hernández-Silva, Amelie Bruno, Nancy Rhodes, and
Huy Nguyen.
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We encourage you to submit your total or partial immersion program for inclusion
in this directory if it fits into one of the above definitions for immersion. To
submit a new entry for your program, click here to complete
our online form. To update a current entry, please search for your school
below and make changes directly on your school's "Immersion Detail Form."
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We welcome your feedback on all aspects of this directory. Please send your comments
and questions to my attention. Thank you!
Lupe Hernández-Silva
Center for Applied Linguistics
202-362-0700, ext. 555
lupe@cal.org
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You may search the directory in a variety of ways. If you want to find the entry
for a specific school, enter the name of the school in the appropriate box below,
then click the "search" button. If you want to identify programs that have certain
characteristics, for example, all schools in a particular district that have French
immersion programs, type the name of the district in the appropriate box, click
on "French," and then click "Search." The directory will retrieve a list of all
schools that meet your criteria. If you want to select more than one language, hold
down the control key while clicking on additional language names. The directory
will retrieve programs that teach one or more of the languages you selected. You
may choose one, several, or all categories to conduct a search. (Note: If you click
"Search" without specifying any search criteria, you will retrieve the entire list
of schools in the database. This is the format of the directory that most people
prefer when printing a hardcopy.)
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School:
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District:
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City:
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State:
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Grade Levels:
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Language:
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Click on the links below for tables and graphs of the content of this directory.
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Number
of Language Immersion Schools by State
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Language Immersion
Schools by State
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Percentage of Immersion Programs by Language of Instruction
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Language
of Instruction in Immersion Programs
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Growth of Language Immersion Programs in the U.S., 1971-2011
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*The data on these tables represent the total number of language immersion programs
as of November 2011. The directory is updated regularly, but the tables will only be
updated sporadically, so at any given time the tables may not include the most
recent additions to the directory.
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To cite this immersion directory using APA publication standards, we suggest the
following:
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Center for Applied Linguistics. (2011). Directory of foreign language immersion programs
in U.S. schools. Retrieved {insert date}, from
http://www.cal.org/resources/immersion/.
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